The mining sector plays a key and growing role in our economies as it provides materials essential to almost all industries and day-to-day lives. But mining operations generate significant impacts on biodiversity. The impacts are direct through land occupation at the mine site level. They are also indirect through pollutants, associated infrastructures (roads, power lines, train tracks, etc.), GHG emissions, water consumption, water management infrastructures, noise, etc. These impacts occur at the different stages of the lifecycle of a mining project, including exploration, construction, operation, closure, post closure and legacy. On top of these “business as usual” impacts, accidents may occur, causing significant impacts on the environment.
The mining sector does not meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a common measure linked to ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) factors.